Rotation of crops and its importance to increase agricultural production

The rotation of crops is an old and essential agricultural practice. It implies the normal change in crops on the same plot of the earth and has many benefits for the production of soil and agricultural. By understanding and correctly applying the rotation of crops, farmers can obtain significant results in terms of crops, soil fertility and general growth of agricultural production. The rotation of crops involves the cultivation of different species of plants in different seasons, instead of repeated crops of the same crop on the same plot of earth.

The main purpose of the rotation of crops is to benefit from the positive effects it has on the ground and on the health of plants. Some crops can extract certain nutrients from the ground to a greater proportion, while other cultures can restore their respective nutrients or be more resistant to certain diseases and parasites. Reaching the rotation of the crops, the soil is protected and maintained fertile and the risk of disease and harmful attacks is reduced.

What benefits of the crops does it have?

There are many benefits of the rotation of crops. Here are some of these:

1

One of the main advantages of crop rotation is the improvement of soil fertility. The crops have different requirements in terms of nutrients and an adequate rotation of crops allows the soil to recover and improve with specific nutrients necessary for each culture.

2. Control of parasites and diseases by interrupting their life cycle and reducing infestations.

The rotation of crops is an effective tool in controlling parasites and diseases that affect agricultural crops. Specific parasites and diseases for a culture can survive and multiply in the soil that hosts the same culture from year to year. Through the rotation of cultures, these parasites and pathogenic agents are disoriented and redesigned, because they no longer find the habitat and the food necessary for survival. Therefore, farmers can reduce dependence on pesticides and maintain healthier and more resistant crops.

3. Reduce the erosion of the soil and improve the soil structure through the various roots of the crops.

Soil erosion is a serious problem in agricultureBut the rotation of crops can contribute to the control and reduction of this phenomenon. Some cultures have deeper and densest roots, which help to strengthen the ground and prevent erosion. Through the rotation of crops, farmers can alternate cultures with different characteristics of the roots, thus helping to maintain the soil structure and prevent soil loss by erosion.

4. The efficient use of water resources, according to the different requirements of crops.

The rotation of crops can also contribute to the more efficient use of water resources. Some cultures may have higher water needs, while others can be more resistant to drought periods. By rotating crops, farmers can regulate the needs of the water of the crops according to its availability, in order to minimize excessive consumption of water and avoid waste.

5 .. diversification of agricultural production and reduction of dependence on a single commercial culture.

Through the rotation of crops, farmers can cultivate a variety of plants on the same plot, replacing the monoculture with a wider range of crops. The diversification of agricultural production offers protection against risks and fluctuations on the market. If a culture suffers from a problem, such as a price disease or fluctuation, farmers can rely on other cultures to maintain their income. Therefore, there is greater economic stability for farmers.

Why is it important to rotate crops increase agricultural production?

Each agricultural plant has its own regime of food, growth and development. When a culture is maintained for several consecutive years, this leads to the continuous reduction of the production level. To avoid this and increase agricultural production, it is recommended to rotate crops.

Here are some reasons why the rotation of crops is important to increase agricultural production:

Various cultures have a different consumption of nutrients. For example, cereals consume more nitrogen and phosphorus, the legumes consume more phosphorus and calcium and the sunflower and the sugar beet consumed more potassium.

Each culture has a different water consumption during vegetation. For example, corn has a water consumption of 5.100 m³/ha, the beans have a water consumption of 4,000 m³/has and sugar beet has a water consumption of 7,100 m³/Ah.

The radical system is developed at different soil depths, for each culture. For example, the cereals of the wicked have the root widespread more in the upper layer of the ground, the corn spreads the root at a depth of 2.4 m, exploring a large volume of soil and legumes have key roots, which penetrate deeper into the ground, from where they carry on the surface of the soil and the ground.

After the collection, different quantities of organic matter remain in and on the ground. For example, cereals and peas leave 1.5-2 t/ha, corn with stems 4-6.5 t/ha, the beetroot 5-6 t/ha and alfalfa leaves 10 t/ha.

In the case of crops, the radical system has the acquisition of solubilizing soluble minerals. These include oats and rye, as well as legume cultures.

Each culture is invaded by some species of weeds that in the case of monoculture multiply very quickly. In wheat, 525 weeds/m2 were found in monoculture, after corn weeds-183/m2 and in the 3-year rotation 67 weeds/m2. In the corn, in monoculture – 163 weed/m2, after the wheat – 88 weeds and in the 3 -year rotation 45 weed/m2. Generally, rye crops and spokens leave the soil clean. The same goes for the well -kept vice crops, which provide clean soils.

In addition, some cultures or groups of cultures have specific diseases and parasites. For example, corn and wheat have at least 10 common diseases. In the sugar beets, an attack of 1.7-3.4 times greater than the Circorosis was recorded in the case of monoculture.

Soil works differ according to culture. For example, cereals can be sown in a surface surface surface with the erpice of the disc or in the plowing at 15-18 cm, while the potato and the beet pouring claim at 28-30 cm. Since weeds differ according to culture, the herbicide is specific to each culture. Some herbicides have a certain degree of remaman and even persistence, which can become phytotoxic for other cultures. And the applied fertilizers differ in dose and assortment, depending on the fertilized culture and part of their effect can be used by post -wrietieving plants.

The different cultures have different actions on soil qualities. For example, plants, through different works on the ground, contribute to the destruction of the soil structure, while perennial crops, such as herbs and legumes, ensure a good soil structure. Therefore, the volumetric weight in wheat rotation was 1.41 g/cm3, while after the clover 1.25 g/cm3. The total porosity of the land was 44.67% in the rotation of wheat and 50.65% after the clover and porosity of ventilation 12.67 respectively. The water stability of the structure was 33.7% in the corn monoculture and 46.2% after the alfalfa.

Conclusion

The monoculture leads to the exhaustion of different layers of soil, water and nutrients, as well as the multiplication of some species of weeds, diseases and parasites. By practicing the rotation of the crops, the natural environment to multiply them is modified and alternating the agrotechnical measures, the unanswered development of harmful agents is prevented, in order to obtain high production.

The rotation of crops is an essential practice in agriculture, with multiple benefits on the fertility of the soil, the control of parasites and diseases, the efficient use of water resources and the control of soil erosion. This technique not only improves agricultural production, but also contributes to the creation of a more sustainable and balanced environment. By understanding and correctly applying the rotation of crops, farmers can obtain healthy crops, made larger and a more durable agricultural system.