Sugar Beet – Everything you need to know about it

Sugar beet, with the scientific name Beta Vulgaris was. sackIt is an intensive, extremely profitable culture. It effectively uses fertilization, soil water or irrigation and is a good pre -Pianta for most agricultural crops. In addition, it contributes to the destruction of weeds and helps to structure the ground. Sugar beet is used above all as raw material in the sugar sector and the molasses deriving from its transformation is used in the food industry and alcohol industry.

The beetroot is a two -year plant. His body is formed in the first year of vegetation and in the second year the branches are formed in bloom. In the first year of vegetation, the beetroot body is collected. It consists of epicotile, hypocotile and root. The beet leaves are long petiolated, the tongue is extended oval and the port of the leaves can be erected or lying down. Its flower is sex, type 5 hermaphrodite. The fruit is a glomer and seeds have different dimensions and weights, ellipsoidal shape, with a sickle -shaped embryo.

What requirements does sugar beet has compared to the climate and soil?

Sugar beet germinates at a minimum temperature of 3-4 ° C and requires 2400-2900 ° C in the first year of vegetation and about 1800 ° C in the second year. The accumulation of sugar stops at 5 ° C.

It is a pretentious plant towards water. Large productions are obtained in areas where they fall by 500-600 mm annual. The drought of June, July and August cause a qualitative and quantitative depreciation in the culture of sugar beet.

Sugar beet is a long day plant, which enhances bright energy well. It needs an average of five hours of light a day.

It prefers soils with deep, deep and high water retention capacity. It is not advisable to be cultivated on compact soils.

How to cultivate sugar beet?

Rotation of sugar beets crops

The best plants that precede the sugar beet are those that release the ground soon, to remain the time for the works of the soil and for fertilization. A 4 -year ascent is recommended. The best precursor of this culture are the pious cereals. Crocteria, oat, sunflower, corn, hemp, Sudan or Sudan grass are not recommended.

Sugar beet is a good precursor for barley, wheat, corn or barley.

Fertilization of sugar beet

The sugar beet is a great consumer of nutrients. Nitrogen is important for the growth of plants, while phosphorus promotes roots, leaf device and increases the sugar content and potassium promotes the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as the synthesis and migration of sugar to the roots.

Bor's deficiency brings to the yellow of the leaves and causes the heart of the beetroot.

Hytame provides production bonuses on any type of soil. Fertilizers with phosphorus and potassium are applied with the basic plow, while nitrogen fertilizers are applied to the phase, the preparation of the germinal bed and during the vegetation. Complex NPK fertilizers can be used. Apply folk fertilizers Important production increases are obtained.

Soil works required for sugar beet

After the release of the earth, the dismantling is performed. Aims to preserve water from the ground and level the earth. The plow is performed at a depth of 28-30 cm. It is recommended to respect the depth of the show, as it considerably influences production. The germinal bed is prepared with the help of the Combinators. The depth of work should not exceed 4 cm.

Second sugar beet

It is recommended to use certified seeds, with a minimum purity of 99% and a minimum germination of 75%. For a precision sowing, it is recommended to use shooting seeds.

The sowing of sugar beet is performed when the ground temperature is 3-4 ° C. The sowing density is calculated so that the collection of 100-110 thousand plants/ha.

The sugar beet resembles a distance of 45 cm and a depth of 2-4 cm. A quantity of seed of 8-12 kg/ha is used in the Plurisme varieties and 5-8 kg/has in monogenic varieties.

Fight grass from the culture of sugar beet

Control of weeds is one of the most important cure works. In order to maintain the free culture of weeds, the mechanical prey or the application of specific herbicides is recommended.

Fight diseases and parasites from sugar beet

The main diseases that can occur in this culture are: bacterial combustion, rotten of the pleasures, hand, flour, rotten heart and atel of the beetroot. The main parasites that can influence the sugar beet are: beetroot nematode, beetroot, beet, beetroot, beet, beet, beetroot and gray bite.

Irrigation of sugar beet

In order to obtain high production of sugar beets, it is advisable to apply irrigation in areas with a precipitation deficiency. The first irrigation are made in mid-June, using an irrigation rule of 500-600 cubic meters/ha. It is recommended to apply 5-7 irrigation for the entire period of vegetation, using 3000-5000 mc/ha, depending on the area.

Sugar beet collection

The sugar beet is collected when it has reached maturity, that is, when the roots have the maximum weight and maximum sugar content. From a visual point of view, the maturity of the beetroot is when the leaves are light green and the formation of new leaves ceases. It is important to pay particular attention to the beetroot discount. To have minimal losses, it is important that the ground is leveled, without boulders and without weeds.

After the collection, the beetroot is maintained in the pile, on the field.